Identifying the Dimensions of Philosophical Mindset in Nahjul-Balagha by Applying it to Smith's Theory and Deducing Its Educational Consequences

The present study aims to explore Nahj al-Balagha in order to identify and extract the key components of philosophical mentality in the thought and life of Imam Ali (AS). Considering Philip Smith’s emphasis on the importance of philosophical thinking as a guide to correct action, this study seeks to present a practical and appropriate model, especially in the field of education, for cultivating thoughtful and aware people. The three dimensions of philosophical mentality, including comprehensiveness, reflection, and flexibility, which were proposed by Smith, have been used as a theoretical framework for analyzing Nahj al-Balagha. Each of these dimensions, with its related components, has been the basis for searching the texts of Nahj al-Balagha, and the necessary documents have been extracted from the statements and life of Imam Ali (AS). Then, how this philosophical mentality is manifested in the behavior and speech of Imam Ali (AS), as a model and educational model, has been analyzed and examined. The findings of the study show that very valuable educational indicators, including patience, foresight, moderation, reflection, forgiveness, kindness, and moderation, have been manifested in the practical conduct and guidelines of Imam Ali (AS), all of which are rooted in his profound philosophical mindset. In this study, a descriptive-analytical method has been used to examine and analyze the data.